Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. Data are available from University of Gothenburg, Department of education and special education att. To investigate the association between intelligence and disability pension due to mental, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and substance-use disorders among men and women, and to assess the role of childhood social factors and adulthood work characteristics.
Physical and psychological strains in adulthood were assessed using job exposure matrices. In both men and women increased risks were found for disability pension due to all causes, musculoskeletal disorder, mental disorder other than substance use, and cardiovascular disease as intelligence decreased. Increased risk was also found for substance use disorder in men. In multivariate models, HRs were attenuated after controlling for pre-school plans in adolescence, and low job control and high physical strain in adulthood.
In the fully adjusted model, increased HRs remained for all causes male HR 1. Relatively low childhood intelligence is associated with increased risk of disability pension due to musculoskeletal disorder in both men and women, even after adjustment for risk factors for disability pension measured over the life course. Disability pension, i. In most cases, receipt of disability pension entails permanently leaving the labor market.
Although the pension decision is based on severity of functional impairment with regard to work, as judged by a physician, the granting of compensation is made with reference to the illness, injury or disability as it is registered in the International Classification of Diseases ICD.
Mental and musculoskeletal disorders are the dominant diagnostic groups [ 1 ]. Previously identified risk factors for disability pension are low education [ 2 , 3 ], current mentally and physically strenuous working conditions [ 2 , 4 , 5 ] low employment status [ 2 ], poor health behaviors, such as smoking, high alcohol consumption and lack of exercise, and body composition [ 2 , 4 , 6 ].
