Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Preview improvements coming to the PMC website in October Learn More or Try it out now. The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories. Introduction: Early-onset schizophrenia EOS and bipolar disorder EOB start before the age of 18 years and have a more severe clinical course, a worse prognosis, and a greater genetic loading compared to the late-onset forms.
Copy number variations CNVs are an important genetic factor in the etiology of psychiatric disorders. The exclusion criteria were medical or neurological disorders or IQ under Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are severe and chronic mental disorders with a profound effect on a person's life.
Some clinical symptoms can be present in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, including impaired cognitive function, mood dysregulation, and psychotic symptoms 3. If schizophrenia or bipolar disorder becomes clinically manifested before the age of 18 years, the term early-onset schizophrenia EOS or early-onset bipolar disorder EOB is used 1 , 2. Even though EOS and EOB lie on a continuum with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in adults and the same diagnostic criteria are valid for all age groups, there are special difficulties in applying the adult criteria to children or adolescents.
Symptoms at an early stage are less specific and also show remarkable overlap with several developmental disorders. The prognosis of EOS is worse than schizophrenia that starts in adulthood and EOS may have a higher genetic loading than adult-onset schizophrenia 2.
Similarly, genetic loading may play a greater role in early-onset bipolar disorder compared to the late-onset form 4. The study of Toma et al. This study showed that severe mutations truncating alleles are negatively correlated with early age of onset in bipolar disorder 5.
